Rome 1960  

Dramatic setting

Rome finally got its chance to stage the Olympic Games, 54 years after Italy had to give up hosting the Games. The Italians made the most of their ancient history, holding the wrestling competition in the Basilica of Maxentius and gymnastics in the Caracalla Baths.

Repeat performers

Paul Elvstrom of Denmark won his fourth consecutive yachting gold medal in the single-handed dinghy class. Hungarian fencer Aladar Gerevich earned his sixth consecutive gold medal in the team sabre event, and in canoeing Sweden’s Gert Fredriksson won his sixth gold medal.

Barefoot and victorious

Running barefoot, the Ethiopian runner Abebe Bikila did not go unnoticed when he entered the marathon. He refused to be daunted by condescending remarks, however, leaving all his opponents behind and crossing the finishing line victorious under Constantine's triumphal arch. In doing so, he became the first black African Olympic champion.

A star is born

Cassius Marcellus Clay of the US, later known as Muhammad Ali, first gained international prominence by winning the light-heavyweight gold medal. He would later turn professional and embark on a phenomenal career.

NOCs 83
Athletes 5,338 (611 women, 4,727 men)
Events 150 events
Volunteers n/a
Media n/a

• Artistic Gymnastics
• Athletics
• Basketball
• Boxing
• Canoe / Kayak Flatwater
• Cycling Road
• Cycling Track
• Diving
• Equestrian / Dressage
• Equestrian / Eventing
• Equestrian / Jumping
• Fencing
• Football
• Hockey
• Modern Pentathlon
• Rowing
• Sailing
• Shooting
• Swimming
• Water polo
• Weightlifting
• Wrestling Freestyle
• Wrestling Greco-Roman

Rome, the eternal city

These Games saw a close union between sport and culture in this city on the banks of the Tiber with a rich historical past. The marble stadium, the Caracalla thermal baths, the Albano lake, the Constantine triumphal arch - ancient surroundings for the Olympic competitions

A definitive official anthem

In 1958 the IOC made the decision to adopt the Anthem composed by Spiros Samaras, with words by Kostis Palamas, as the official Olympic Anthem. Following this decision, for the Games of the Olympiad, it was first played in Rome. The Anthem had originally been composed for the celebration of the Games of the I Olympiad that took place in Athens in 1896.

Consequences of apartheid

The Games in Rome were the last Games in which South Africa was allowed to participate for a period of some 32 years - until 1992 - as the International Olympic Committee could not tolerate the racist policies of the South African government.

Millions of television viewers

These Games were broadcast live in 18 European countries and, with only a few hours delay, to the United States, Canada and Japan.

Ceremonies

Rome 25 August 1960. The Italian delegation (ITA).

Official opening of the Games by: President Giovanni Gronchi

Lighting the Olympic Flame by: Giancarlo Peris (athletics)

Olympic Oath by: Adolfo Consolini (athletics)

Official Oath by: The officials' oath at an Olympic Summer Games was first sworn in 1972 in Munich.